1. Where does the expression "op-ed" come from and what does it mean?
The op-ed page is the page directly opposite the page that contains that particular newspaper's editorials. It is a forum for views from people, columnists from other papers, readers, and letters to the editor, etc.
Volume generally refers to the year published, so Column 63 would mean it was the 63rd year a magazine was published. Issue 6 would be the sixth of the year, if it was monthly it would be June bimonthly, December.
3. What are tear sheets and clips for copy editors?
You can make color reductions and I am sure they will be acceptable. Journalism graphics majors at our university usually buy large portfolios--at least 12 by 17 to put their design tear sheets. Electronic PDF are becoming more and more acceptable. Some of our students here have made online digital portfolios and put their resumes and all of their tear sheets (article and design) on a website.
4. What are reporter credentials? How are credentials obtained?
There is no standard for a reporter's credentials; the only thing I ever had was my employee ID card issued at the time I got the job, and that was always fine. There may be something issued for entertainment or sports journalism, but I do not know those areas.
Some venues may require that you send in a request on corporate letterhead (stationery) for a special event's credentials, but those standards would vary from event to event.
5. What is the difference between a Magazine and Newspapers in term of the content of each media?
The simple answer is that newspaper contains news articles and magazines contain feature articles. However, the U.S. has 18,000 magazines and about 4,000 newspapers. In addition, both contain some of both. The main difference is in audience. Newspapers focus on a broad audience of all ages in one specific city or location. Magazines go to a national or international audience who has an interest in a specific subject, such as gardening, photography, Christianity, history, etc. Newspapers are published daily or weekly; magazines are published monthly, bi-monthly, or quarterly. However, those are generalizations and this kind of question, probably a homework question, escapes simple answers.
There is no way of knowing and no one tracks this information. There are 18,000 magazines in the U.S. published at least quarterly (and most monthly), 1,500 daily newspapers, 3,000 weekly newspapers. As far as the second question as to whether there is a growing or declining market for freelance photography--please e-mail one of my colleagues--a professor of photojournalism at Ball State University. He can probably answer this question for you as he has done a considerable amount of freelance photography in his career.
You can call your local newspaper and tell whoever answers the telephone that you have information they might be interested in as news.
In the newspapers I worked for, your call would likely be transferred to the City Room, and would be answered on the City Desk by a clerk. The clerk would ask you questions to determine what you had, and what its news value was. Be prepared to answer specific questions about the facts of the story.
No, it is not necessary. There are some different skills required to be a successful editor than to be a successful writer. Of course, there is some overlap. However, many people have fine editing skills that are not necessary great writers. Most entry-level position at magazines is as editorial assistants or assistant editors. Magazines use mostly freelance writers and few of them have full-time writers. Editors in chief need good supervisory and management skills as well.
9. What should an "editors note" contain? How does one write it?
An editor's note is usually found in the first several pages of a magazine, and can contain anything from the editor's most recent experiences to his/her opinion on the contents of the magazine. Editor's notes can also contain responses to readers' letters, new research on whatever the subject of the magazine is, event tips.
Editor's notes usually reveal the editor's personality, which makes readers come back for more!
Yellow Journalism has always had an effect on the way people view different subjects, and how governmental policies are made.
The more sensational the assertion, or outright lie, the more people seem inclined to believe it.
Back in the days of Hurst, and Pulitzer, the media was much less accountable for what it printed, and there were few laws, or rules of conduct for the media to adhere.
11. Why are professional ethics so important in journalism and the legal world?
Lawyers are held to a code of ethics by law (not that they necessarily follow it). As far as journalists are concern, it is more like a suggested set of guidelines. These days it is very rare to find any kind of ethics in Journalism.
12. How should you dress the characters in video journalism movie?
Old woman should be wearing a nice classic dress, with pearls, pearl necklace and earrings, maybe a pillbox hat, shawl very Jackie O, or Queen Elisabeth. Egotistical businesspersons usually wear nice suits, slicked back hair, and cocky stern look on face.
13. How does the history of journalism relate to Australias democratic government today?
Australia has always been a democracy and it has always had a free press. The two go hand in hand -- you cannot have a democracy without a free press and you cannot have a free press without democracy.
Are you looking at specific events in Australia's history, with regard to how these events were reported in the Australian press? If so, you will have to be more specific.
14. What censorship is there in journalism in your country?
Here is the lowdown for the UK.
1. Censorship exists in many forms in the UK but is about what the paper's think they can get away with.
2. We have no freedom of speech but what has evolved is through Acts of Parliament and court judgments.
3. Government controls what the media can say through a number of ways:
► Restricting information but the Freedom of Information Act has eased this.
► D notices which restrict information if there is security issues.
► Court orders preventing newspapers from publishing stories if they are considered to prejudice a case but only when someone has been charged and trial is proceeding. See the current cash-for-honors scandal where The Guardian got permission to reveal details about an e-mail sent by an aide of Tony Blair.
15. What is the difference between journalism and studio television?
Journalism is to Studio Television as Newspapers are to Magazines.
16. What is the status of written journalism these days?
I job shadowed a newspaper reporter when I was a senior in high school, him and his boss basically laughed at me because they said that journalism was a dying thing
If you do not necessarily agree with that though, there will always be a need for journalists, whether on newspapers or internet
17. What is the difference between Journalism and Professional writing?
They are very similar. Journalists generally write for the public (newspapers, magazines, websites, etc.) Professional writers can write for any kind of business, but normally must have a specific topic to write. Journalism is more general in that you learn how to write for the public. Professional writing is more private because you would likely be doing it about a specific subject and/or for a specific industry.
18. What are the problems of investigative journalism?
Among the problems I encountered was finding, gaining access to, & then protecting the identity of sources for inside info. Then you still have to get some type of confirmation the info you have obtained is accurate & verifiable.
Many source documents needed for corroboration are difficult or impossible to gain access to as they are protected by security classification or have been destroyed.
19. What is the difference between saying Journalism and Communications?
When you write a letter to someone, you are communicating.
Journalism is someone writes in a newspaper or magazine for the whole world to read.
20. What is Yellow Journalism?
It is the practice of over-dramatizing events in order to sell newspapers.
21. Why was yellow journalism used?
It is to "Smear" the opposition. To exaggerate news and enrage readers
22. What is the modern understanding of the word yellow in the term yellow journalism?
The Journalism favors sensationalism over carefully researched facts.
That would be William Randolph Hearst with his introduction of Yellow journalism that helped contribute to America and the war with Spain.
24. What role did the Apple Macintosh play in graphic journalism, as we know it today?
The Apple Macintosh played a primary role in creating the career of graphic journalism in the mid 1980s. With the introduction of the first Macintosh, artists in newsrooms were able to reduce the time it took to produce illustrations, maps, diagrams, and explanatory graphics, which contributed to the visual display of news, features, and editorials. Proactive newsroom artists were then able to participate in the newsgathering process and then design and produce graphics on deadline.
25. Who is the first Asian to snatch Americas Pulitzer Prize in journalism?
Carlos P. Romulo in 1941
26. How did yellow journalism affect the Americans toward the Cuban Revolt?
The press played a tremendous part in leading the charge toward America's involvement in Cuba. Two publishers, William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer, stood out among these opportunists. They perceived the conflict with Spain as their chance to increase circulation of their newspapers. Seizing upon the opportunity to capitalize on the growing spirit of American patriotism, Hearst and Pulitzer printed sensational anti-Spanish stories. Graphic illustrations commissioned from some of the country's most-talented artists and stories written by premiere authors and journalists of the day were fodder for fueling the flames of war. Together, Hearst and Pulitzer created frenzy among the American people by reporting the alleged brutality of the Spanish toward the Cuban rebels. (However, acts of outrage committed by the Cubans were seldom mentioned.) By the time the USS Maine exploded in Havana Harbor, the pro-war press had roused national sentiment to the point that President McKinley feared his political party would suffer if he did not engage in war with Spain.
27. What impact did the Tinker vs. Des Moines case have on journalism?
Check out the John Peter Zenger case instead because Tinker v Des Moines 1969 has to do with freedom of speech in school, not freedom of press.
28. Define the terms yellow journalism and muckrakers.
It means a journalist who writes about bright stuff and about hope
29. Name the street that is known as the home to British journalism.
London's Fleet Street
30. Why was yellow journalism used in late 1890?
It was used by journalists Hearst and Pulitzer to sell more papers and at the same time stirred up war fever amongst the American public. They played on the emotions of Americans by publishing undocumented stories of atrocities in Cuba as well as telling the people that the USS Maine was in fact destroyed by the Spanish. To this day, there is no real proof as to whether or not the ship hit Spanish or some internal explosion sunk the ship.
31. How Internet journalism is different from electronic media?
Web or Internet journalism helps one to read, hear, and view the news, all at the same time! Those who cannot access television, radio and newspapers, keep themselves updated, courtesy the electronic edition of newspapers. Yes, change is the only constant!
Web journalism entered India about ten years ago. Initially, it had to cope with the pressures posed by the post-liberalization era. The deteriorating plight of web journalism led one to question its very survival. However, some companies decided to stick it out, come rain or shine and availed, during the period 2000 - 2002, the services provided by the search engines like Google.
The web revolution started soon thereafter, with newspapers launching their Internet editions. Foreign majors like Yahoo, Google, and MSN also played the role of sheet anchor. These portals also recognized the importance of Hindi and other regional languages. The agreement between Yahoo and Jagran, to initiate a portal, could be an important milestone in the history as well as the future of e-journalism. It will also boost dissemination of news. The linguistic purity associated with web journalism is still a debated topic. It must always be kept in mind that news is read from a newspaper, heard over radio, and viewed on electronic media. However, with web journalism we can read, hear, and view news, all at the same time.
32. How does freedom of press affect journalism?
It affects by journalists can write what they want as long as it does not cross certain limits.
33. What are the different leads of journalism?
For the news lead, you should have the 5 W's & H (who, what when, where, why, and how). However, if it is for a feature lead then there are wide varieties. Magic Three, Descriptive, Anecdotal, Narrative, and Teaser are the main ones.
News values simplified, determines how important a news story is to the media and the attention it is given by its consumers.
35. Why do people keep journals?
Well they're used to keep personal thoughts that they are to nervous to share with others
