Logical Interview Questions and Answers

1 :: A banana plantation is located next to a desert. The plantation owner has 3000 bananas that he wants to transport to the market by camel, across a 1000 kilometre stretch of desert. The owner has only one camel, which carries a maximum of 1000 bananas at any moment in time, and eats one banana every kilometre it travels. What is the largest number of bananas that can be delivered at the market?

500 bananas. First camel takes 3000 bananas to point A at 250 km apart from plantation in 3 trips and we will be having 1750 bananas at point A.from there to point B 250 km apart from point A and we will have 1000 bananas at point B. Still we havw to go 500 km and having 1000 bananas in hand so we can deliver 500 bananas in market.

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2 :: Below are a number of statements:
1. Precisely one of these statements is untrue.
2. Precisely two of these statements are untrue. 3. Precisely three of these statements are untrue. 4. Precisely four of these statements are untrue. 5. Precisely five of these statements are untrue. 6. Precisely six of these statements are untrue. 7. Precisely seven of these statements are untrue. 8. Precisely eight of these statements are untrue. 9. Precisely nine of these statements are untrue. 10. Precisely ten of these statements are untrue. Which of these statements is true?

The ten statements all contradict each other. So there can be at most one statement true. Now suppose there is no statement true. That would mean that statement 10 indeed would be true, which results in a contradiction. This means that exactly nine statements must be untrue, and thus only statement 9 is true..

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3 :: Below is an equation that is not correct yet. By adding a number of plus signs and minus signs between the ciphers on the left side (without changes the order of the ciphers), the equation can be made correct. 123456789 = 100 How many different ways are there to make the equation correct?

There are 11 different ways:
123+45-67+8-9=100
123+4-5+67-89=100
123-45-67+89=100
123-4-5-6-7+8-9=100
12+3+4+5-6-7+89=100
12+3-4+5+67+8+9=100
12-3-4+5-6+7+89=100
1+23-4+56+7+8+9=100
1+23-4+5+6+78-9=100
1+2+34-5+67-8+9=100
1+2+3-4+5+6+78+9=100
Remark: if it is not only allowed to put plus signs and minus signs between the ciphers, but also in front of the first 1, then there is a twelfth possibility:
-1+2-3+4+5+6+78+9=100..

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4 :: William lives in a street with house-numbers 8 up to and including 100. Lisa wants to know at which number William lives. She asks him: "Is your number larger than 50?" William answers, but lies. Upon this Lisa asks: "Is your number a multiple of 4?" William answers, but lies again. Then Lisa asks: "Is your number a square?" William answers truthfully. Upon this Lisa says: "I know your number if you tell me whether the first digit is a 3." William answers, but now we don't know whether he lies or speaks the truth. Thereupon Lisa says at which number she thinks William lives, but (of course) she is wrong. What is Williams real house-number?

Note that Lisa does not know that William sometimes lies. Lisa reasons as if William speaks the truth. Because Lisa says after her third question, that she knows his number if he tells her whether the first digit is a 3, we can conclude that after her first three questions, Lisa still needs to choose between two numbers, one of which starts with a 3. A number that starts with a 3, must in this case be smaller than 50, so William's (lied) answer to Lisa's first question was "No". Now there are four possibilities: nummer is a multiple of 4 : (16, 36 number is a square) : 8, 12, 20, and more nummer is not a square nummer is not a multiple of 4 : (9, 25, 49 number is a square) : 10, 11, 13, and more nummer is not a square Only the combination "number is a multiple of 4" and "number is a square" results in two numbers, of which one starts with a 3. William's (lied) answer to Lisa's second question therefore was "Yes", and William's (true) answer to Lisa's third question was also "Yes". In reality, William's number is larger than 50, not a multiple of 4, and a square. Of the squares larger than 50 and at most 100 (these are 64, 81, and 100), this only holds for 81. Conclusion: William's real house-number is 81.

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5 :: Of all the numbers whose literal representations in capital letters consists only of straight line segments (for example, FIVE), only one number has a value equal to the number of segments used to write it. Which number has this property?

A number having this property is 20 (TWENTY)
T has 3 line segments.
W has 4 line segments.
E has 4 line segments.
N has 3 line segments.
T has 3 line segments.
Y has 3 line segments.
So the total number of line segments are 3+4+4+3+3+3= 20 = TWENTY( the number itself)

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